Delirium and cognitive disorders

Aspects of dementia and deliriumtop

• consensus Alzheimer's Disease
  

  National Institute of Health consensus Alzheimer Disease April 26-28 2010

• Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (CDR)
  

  From Washington Universty in St Louis, contains all information on the Clinical Dementia Rating Assessment

• University of Nottingham: LewyNet
  

  It provides information on dementia with Lewy bodies.

• The Whole Brain Atlas
  

  Provides a lot of information about imaging techniques, normal brain structures, and findings associated with various brain disorders.

• site Sharon K.Inouye
  The Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP)
  Developed by Dr. Sharon K. Inouye and colleagues at the Yale University School of Medicine. This website provides information about recognizing delirium (new mental confusion). It also describes a program that prevents delirium in hospitalized older people, the Hospital Elder Life Program, or HELP. It is partly intended for patients and caregivers, but also provides useful links to other websites on this issue for physicians and investigators. A very convenient bibliography provides a searchable database of articles and book chapters on delirium and acute hospital care of older persons which is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics.

   

• the DDMED website.
  

  The site provides tools for assessment, behavioural, medical and  pharmacological management of adult persons with Development Disorders and Mental Retardation in case of aggressive behaviour, self-injurious behaviour, faecal smearing, pica, screaming and delirium.

Criteria for various forms of dementiatop

• Alzheimer's disease
  

  McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D. & Stadlan, E.M. (1984). Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology, 34(7), 939-944.

• Lewy body dementia
  

  McKeith, I.G., Perry, E.K. & Perry, R.H. (1999). Report of the second dementia with Lewy body international workshop: diagnosis and treatment. Consortium on Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Neurology, 53(5), 902-905. Review.

• Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium.
  

  REM sleep behavior disorder, severe neuroleptic sensitivity, and reduced striatal dopamine transporter activity on functional neuroimaging are given greater diagnostic weighting as features suggestive of a DLB diagnosis.

• Validation of the neuropathologic criteria of the third consortium for dementia with Lewy bodies for prospectively diagnosed cases.
  
• Frontotemporal dementia
  

  Neary, D., Snowden, J.S., Gustafson, L., Passant, U., Stuss, D., Black, S., Freedman, M., Kertesz, A., Robert, P.H., Albert, M., Boone, K., Miller, B.L., Cummings, J. & Benson, D.F. (1998). Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology, 51(6), 1546-1554. Review.

• Neuropathologic diagnostic and nosologic criteria for frontotemporal lobar degeneration: consensus of the Consortium for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration.
  

  revised criteria proposed in 2007.

• Nomenclature for neuropathologic subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: consensus recommendations.
  

  New recommendations reflecting the fast changing insight in this field since the consensus of 2007.

• Nomenclature and nosology for neuropathologic subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: an update. (new)
  

  consensus new nomenclature february 2010 including new type with FUS pathology

• Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions. (new)
  

  Letter in human genetics february 2010 using GWAS indicating that the most common variant of FTD is located on 7p21 .

• Vascular dementia
  

  Roman, G.C., Tatemichi, T.K., Erkinjuntti, T., Cummings, J.L., Masdeu, J.C., Garcia, J.H., Amaducci, L., Orgogozo, J.M., Brun, A., Hofman. A., et al. (1993). Vascular dementia: diagnostic criteria for research studies. Report of the NINDS-AIREN International Workshop. Neurology, 43(2), 250-260.

• Mild cognitive impairment
  

  Petersen, R.C., Stevens, J.C., Ganguli, M., Tangalos, E.G., Cummings, J.L. & DeKosky, S.T. (2001). Practice parameter: early detection of dementia: mild cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 56(9), 1133-1142.

• Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Dec 1998
  
• Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Aug. 2008
  

Measurement Instrumentstop

• Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia
  

  Alexopoulos, G.S., Abrams, R.C., Young, R.C. & Shamoian, C.A. (1988). Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Biological Psychiatry, 23, 271-284.

• Delirium Rating Scale-98-N
  

  Trzepacz, P.T., Baker, R.W. & Greenhouse, J. (1998) A symptom rating scale for delirium. Psychiatry Research, 23, 89-97.

Guidelinestop

• APA Alzheimer's and other dementias: Guideline Watch
  

  Guideline Watch. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Alzheimer⦥uro;?s Disease and Other Dementias of Late Life. 

  This APA document (Augustus 2004) includes relevant information that has come to light since publication of the guideline in 1997.

• APA delirium guideline (1999)
  

  Practice Guideline For the Treatment of Patients with Delirium of the American Psychiatric Association (APA).

• APA delirium guideline: Guideline Watch
  

  Guideline Watch. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Delirium.

  This APA document (Augustus 2004) includes relevant information that has come to light since publication of the guideline in 1999.

Journalstop

• Age and Ageing
  
• Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders
  
• Brain
  
• Drugs & Aging
  
• Neurology
  
• Lancet neurology
  
• Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry
  
• Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
  
• Nature reviews neurology
  
• Current Alzheimer Research
  
• Alzheimer's & Dementia
  
• American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias
  
• American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
  
• International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
  
• Annals of Neurology
  
• Movement Disorders
  

Survey articlestop

• A century of Alzheimer's disease
  

  A very readable review in Science by Goedert M. and Spillantini M.G. about the current knowledge of Alzheimer's disease.

• The many ways to frontotemporal degeneration and beyond
  

  Bugiani O
  report on the most recent findings in the biology of FTD, published oktober 2007.
  

• Alzheimer's Disease (new)
  

  review article from January 28 2010 by Henry W. Querfurth and Frank LaFerla in NEJM on machanisms of disease

• The heritability and genetics of frontotemporal lobar degeneration
  
• cortical thinning in FTLD
  
• Serum biomarker for progranulin-associated frontotemporal lobar degeneration
  
• CSF amyloid beta40 is decreased in cerebral amyloid angiopathy
  
• Lewy body pathology detected in skin biopsy
  
• CSF biomarkers predict rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease (new)
  
• Sensitivity of current criteria for the diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
  

  This study by Piguet O, Hornberger M, Shelley BP, Kipps CM, Hodges JR investigated the sensitivity of current diagnostic criteria in a large group of patients with bvFTD and concludes that strict application of the criteria misses a significant proportion of patients.

• Red flags for multiple system atrophy
  
• Delirium accelerates cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease.
  

  Neurology may 2009

• Persistent delirium predicts greater mortality
  

the interface of dementiastop

• Invited article: the Alzheimer disease-frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum
  

  An exciting review by van der Zee J, Sleegers K, Van Broeckhoven C. considering the evidence which is accumulating for a clinical, pathologic, and genetic spectrum of neurodegenerative brain diseases in which AD and FTLD occur along one continuum.

• Intrafamilial diversity of phenotype associated with app duplication
  

  Different APP locus duplications have been recently identified in rare families with autosomal dominant early onset Alzheimer disease (AD) and Aβ-related cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) I. Guyant-Marechal e.a. report a novel family revealing a very large diversity of phenotype including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

• Prion mutation D178N with highly variable disease onset and phenotype
  

  M Synofzik, P Bauer, L Schöls found a wide variability in age of disease onset and phenotype with substantial impact for genetic counselling in hereditary prion diseases.

• Cellular prion protein mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity by amyloid-beta oligomers.
  

  Binding of amyloid beta oligomers to the PrPc prion protein in hippocampal neurons (in mice) is a crucial step for prohibition of long term potentiation (model for memory forming) by suppression plasticity of synaptic transmission.

cognitive impairment exercise and inflammationtop